The Protective Effect of MEWS-based Graded Nursing on the Life Safety of Car Accident Patients.

Objective: To demonstrate the improvement effect of modified early warning score (MEWS)-based on graded nursing (different levels of care are given according to the assessment of the severity, seriousness, urgency and self-care ability of the patient) on the outcome and quality of life (QoL) of emergency car accident patients. Methods: A prospective non-randomized controlled trial was conducted on 103 emergency car accident patients admitted between May 2020 and May 2021. Among them, 57 patients received MEWS-based graded nursing and were regarded as the research group (RG), while the other 46 patients received routine nursing and were regarded as the control group (CG). The Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C) scoring surveys were administered before and after care, respectively. Nursing satisfaction was investigated when patients were discharged from the hospital. Then, patient outcomes were followed up for one year to evaluate patients' QoL by the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOL-74). Results: SCL-90, VAS, and PCL-C were lower, and satisfaction with care was higher after RG treatment compared to CG (P < .05). The incidence of adverse events during treatment was lower in RG than in CG (P < .05). In addition, PCL-C scores were also lower in RG than in CG (P < .05). Conclusion: MEWS-based graded nursing can effectively mitigate the NEs and PTSD of emergency car accident patients and improve their outcomes and QoL.

Thermophoretic glycan profiling of extracellular vesicles for triple-negative breast cancer management.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly metastatic and heterogeneous type of breast cancer with poor outcomes. Precise, non-invasive methods for diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of TNBC are particularly challenging due to a paucity of TNBC biomarkers. Glycans on extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold the promise as valuable biomarkers, but conventional methods for glycan analysis are not feasible in clinical practice. Here, we report that a lectin-based thermophoretic assay (EVLET) streamlines vibrating membrane filtration (VMF) and thermophoretic amplification, allowing for rapid, sensitive, selective and cost-effective EV glycan profiling in TNBC plasma. A pilot cohort study shows that the EV glycan signature reaches 91% accuracy for TNBC detection and 96% accuracy for longitudinal monitoring of TNBC therapeutic response. Moreover, we demonstrate the potential of EV glycan signature for predicting TNBC progression. Our EVLET system lays the foundation for non-invasive cancer management by EV glycans.

Mpox vaccine and infection-driven human immune signatures: an immunological analysis of an observational study.

BACKGROUND: Monkeypox virus has recently infected more than 88 000 people, raising concerns about our preparedness against this emerging viral pathogen. Licensed and approved for mpox, the JYNNEOS vaccine has fewer side-effects than previous smallpox vaccines and has shown immunogenicity against monkeypox in animal models. This study aims to elucidate human immune responses to JYNNEOS vaccination compared with mpox-induced immunity. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sera were obtained from ten individuals vaccinated with one or two doses of JYNNEOS and six individuals diagnosed with monkeypox virus infection. Samples were obtained from seven individuals before vaccination to serve as a baseline. We examined the polyclonal serum (ELISA) and single B-cell (heavy chain gene and transcriptome data) antibody repertoires and T-cell responses (activation-induced marker and intracellular cytokine staining assays) induced by the JYNNEOS vaccine versus monkeypox virus infection. FINDINGS: All participants were men between the ages of 21 and 60 years, except for one woman in the group of mpox-convalescent individuals, and none had previous orthopoxvirus exposure. All mpox cases were mild. Vaccinee samples were collected 6-33 days after the first dose and 5-40 days after the second dose. Mpox-convalescent samples were collected 20-102 days after infection. In vaccine recipients, gene-level plasmablast and antibody responses were negligible and sera displayed moderate binding to recombinant orthopoxviral proteins (A29L, A35R, E8L, A30L, A27L, A33R, B18R, and L1R) and native proteins from the 2022 monkeypox outbreak strain. By contrast, recent monkeypox virus infection (within 20-102 days) induced robust serum antibody responses to monkeypox virus proteins and to native monkeypox virus proteins from a viral isolate obtained during the 2022 outbreak. JYNNEOS vaccine recipients presented robust orthopoxviral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. INTERPRETATION: Infection with monkeypox virus resulted in robust B-cell and T-cell responses, whereas immunisation with JYNNEOS elicited more robust T-cell responses. These data can help to inform vaccine design and policies for preventing mpox in humans. FUNDING: National Cancer Institute (National Institutes of Health), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (National Institutes of Health), and Icahn School of Medicine.

Overexpression of geranyl diphosphate synthase 1 (NnGGPPS1) from Nelumbo nucifera enhances carotenoid and chlorophyll content and biomass.

As the traditional herb with pharmacological compounds in China, the key genes related with terpenoid biosynthesis are still unveiled in Nelumbo nucifera. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPPS) is one of the key enzymes in terpenoids biosynthesis, synthesizing the common precursor of GGPP for downstream enzymes for generating various terpenoids. In this study, four NnGGPPS genes were isolated from N. nucifera. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses indicate that NnGGPPS1 and NnGGPPS2 belong to large subunit (LSU). Whereas NnGGPPS3 and NnGGPPS4 are classified as small subunit (SSU) of SSU Ⅱ and SSU I, respectively. Among four NnGGPPSs, only NnGGPPS1 and NnGGPPS2 can produce GGPP in bacterial pigment complementation assay. Combination analysis of subcellular localization and gene co-expression analysis (GCN) illustrates that NnGGPPS1 is the main transcript related with methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation. Overexpression of NnGGPPS1 improves the growth of transgenic tobacco, and increases carotenoids and chlorophyll contents. Moreover, NnGGPPS1 transgenic tobacco exhibits improved photosynthesis efficiency and ROS scavenging ability. The up-regulated expression of the key genes in MEP pathway, carotenoid biosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis, result in the increase of metabolic flux in NnGGPPS1 transgenic lines. Furthermore, the elevated MEP-derived primary metabolites of carotenoid and chlorophyll was attributed to enhancement of plant biomass of NnGGPPS1 transgenic lines. Therefore, NnGGPPS1 plays a vital role in biosynthesis of carotenoid and chlorophyll.

MiR-125b-5p/STAT3 Axis Regulates Drug Resistance in Osteosarcoma Cells by Acting on ABC Transporters.

Background: The poor prognosis of the highly malignant tumor osteosarcoma stems from its drug resistance and therefore exploring its resistance mechanisms will help us identify more effective treatment options. However, the effects of miR-125b-5p on drug resistance in osteosarcoma cells are still unclear. Methods: To study the effects of miR-125b-5p on drug resistance in osteosarcoma cells. Osteosarcoma-resistant miR-125b-5p was obtained from the databases GeneCards and g:Profiler. CCK8, western blot, and transwell were applied for the detection of the miR-125b-5p effects on proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and drug resistance in osteosarcoma. Bioinformatics is aimed at demonstrating the targeting factor miR-125b-5p, performing protein interaction enrichment analysis by Metascape, and finally validating by binding sites. Results: Upregulation of miR-125b-5p restrains proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma and promotes apoptosis. In addition, miR-125b-5p can restore drug sensitivity in drug-resistant osteosarcoma. miR-125-5p restrains the signal transducer and inhibits the transcription 3 (STAT3) expression activator via targeting its 3'-UTR. STAT3 affects drug-resistant osteosarcoma to regulate the ABC transporter. Conclusion: miR-125b-5p/STAT3 axis mediates the drug resistance of osteosarcoma by acting on ABC transporter.

Cascaded microfluidic circuits for pulsatile filtration of extracellular vesicles from whole blood for early cancer diagnosis.

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold the potential to substantially improve noninvasive early diagnosis of cancer. However, analysis of nanosized EVs in blood samples has been hampered by lack of effective, rapid, and standardized methods for isolating and detecting EVs. To address this difficulty, here we use the electric-hydraulic analogy to design cascaded microfluidic circuits for pulsatile filtration of EVs via integration of a cell-removal circuit and an EV-isolation circuit. The microfluidic device is solely driven by a pneumatic clock pulse generator, allowing for preprogrammed, clog-free, gentle, high-yield, and high-purity isolation of EVs directly from blood within 30 minutes. We demonstrate its clinical utility by detecting protein markers of isolated EVs from patient blood using a polyethylene glycol-enhanced thermophoretic aptasensor, with 91% accuracy for diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer. The cascaded microfluidic circuits can have broad applications in the field of EV research.

Melatonin-induced myeloblastosis viral oncogene homologs alleviate fresh-cut lotus root browning during storage by attenuating flavonoid biosynthesis and reactive oxygen species.

BACKGROUND: Lotus roots (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) are rich in nutrients and have ornamental and food value. However, browning has caused huge economic losses and security risks during the storage and harvesting of fresh-cut lotus. This study investigated the role of melatonin in inhibiting lotus browning, and illustrates its molecular mechanism. RESULTS: The application of melatonin effectively retarded the process of lotus browning, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzyme activity, and inhibited the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD). Melatonin reduced flavonoid content, and decreased enzymatic activity in flavonoid biosynthesis. Transcriptome Sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to screen the genes regulated by exogenous melatonin when defending against fresh-cut lotus browning. Gene co-expression analysis (GCN) indicated that the transcription factors MYB5, MYB6, and MYB308, activated by melatonin, were negatively related to the expression of PPO and the genes related to flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. These myeloblastosis viral oncogene homologs (MYBs) were positively related to the expression of genes encoding the enzymes in glutathione metabolism. CONCLUSION: Melatonin retarded lotus browning by transcriptional suppression of key genes associated with flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis through the stimulation of MYB5, MYB6, and MYB308. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Mpox vaccine and infection-driven human immune signatures.

Background: Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) outbreaks outside endemic areas peaked in July 2022, infecting > 85,000 people and raising concerns about our preparedness against this emerging viral pathogen. Licensed and approved for mpox, the JYNNEOS vaccine has fewer side effects than previous smallpox vaccines and demonstrated efficacy against mpox infection in humans. Comparing JYNNEOS vaccine- and mpox-induced immunity is imperative to evaluate JYNNEOS' immunogenicity and inform vaccine administration and design. Methods: We examined the polyclonal serum (ELISA) and single B cell (heavy chain gene and transcriptome data) antibody repertoires and T cells (AIM and ICS assays) induced by the JYNNEOS vaccine as well as mpox infection. Findings: Gene-level plasmablast and antibody responses were negligible and JYNNEOS vaccinee sera displayed minimal binding to recombinant mpox proteins and native proteins from the 2022 outbreak strain. In contrast, recent mpox infection (within 20-102 days) induced robust serum antibody responses to A29L, A35R, A33R, B18R, and A30L, and to native mpox proteins, compared to vaccinees. JYNNEOS vaccine recipients presented comparable CD4 and CD8 T cell responses against orthopox peptides to those observed after mpox infection. Interpretation: JYNNEOS immunization does not elicit a robust B cell response, and its immunogenicity may be mediated by T cells. Funding: Research reported in this publication was supported, in part, by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U54CA267776, U19AI168631(VS), as well as institutional funds from the Icahn School of Medicine.

Differential Roles of CD36 in Regulating Muscle Insulin Response Depend on Palmitic Acid Load.

The possible role of fatty acid translocase (CD36) in the treatment of obesity has gained increasing research interest since researchers recognized its coordinated function in fatty acid uptake and oxidation. However, the effect of CD36 deficiency on intracellular insulin signaling is complex and its impact may depend on different nutritional stresses. Therefore, we investigated the various effects of CD36 deletion on insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes with or without palmitic acid (PA) overload. In the present work, we reported the upregulated expression levels of CD36 in the skeletal muscle tissues of obese humans and mice as well as in C2C12 myotubes with PA stimulation. CD36 knockdown using RNA interference showed that insulin signaling was impaired in CD36-deficient C2C12 cells in the absence of PA loading, suggesting that CD36 is essential for the maintenance of insulin action, possibly resulting from increased mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress; however, CD36 deletion improved insulin signaling in the presence of PA overload due to a reduction in lipid overaccumulation. In conclusion, we identified differential roles of CD36 in regulating muscle insulin response under conditions with and without PA overload, which provides supportive evidence for further research into therapeutic approaches to diabetes.

Poly(ethylene oxide) Concentration Gradient-Based Microfluidic Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have emerged as promising circulating biomarkers for non-invasive cancer diagnosis and management. Isolation and detection of CTCs in clinical samples are challenging due to the extreme rarity and high heterogeneity of CTCs. Here, we describe a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) concentration gradient-based microfluidic method for rapid, label-free, highly efficient isolation of CTCs directly from whole blood samples. Stable concentration gradients of PEO were formed within the microchannel by co-injecting the side fluid (blood sample spiked with 0.025% PEO) and center fluid (0.075% PEO solution). The competition between the elastic lift force and the inertial lift force enabled size-based separation of large CTCs and small blood cells based on their distinct migration patterns. The microfluidic device could process 1 mL of blood sample in 30 min, with a separation efficiency of >90% and an enrichment ratio of >700 for tumor cells. The isolated CTCs from blood samples were enumerated by immunofluorescence staining, allowing for discrimination of breast cancer patients from healthy donors with an accuracy of 84.2%. The concentration gradient-based microfluidic separation provides a powerful tool for label-free isolation of CTCs for a wide range of clinical applications.

A Small Subunit of Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase Functions as an Active Regulator of Carotenoid Synthesis in Nicotiana tabacum.

As one of the most imperative antioxidants in higher plants, carotenoids serve as accessory pigments to harvest light for photosynthesis and photoprotectors for plants to adapt to high light stress. Here, we report a small subunit (SSU) of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) in Nicotiana tabacum, NtSSU II, which takes part in the regulation carotenoid biosynthesis by forming multiple enzymatic components with NtGGPPS1 and downstream phytoene synthase (NtPSY1). NtSSU II transcript is widely distributed in various tissues and stimulated by low light and high light treatments. The confocal image revealed that NtSSU II was localized in the chloroplast. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) indicated that NtSSU II and NtGGPPS1 formed heterodimers, which were able to interact with phytoene synthase (NtPSY1) to channel GGPP into the carotenoid production. CRISPR/Cas9-induced ntssu II mutant exhibited decreased leaf area and biomass, along with a decline in carotenoid and chlorophyll accumulation. Moreover, the genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis were also downregulated in transgenic plants of ntssu II mutant. Taken together, the newly identified NtSSU II could form multiple enzymatic components with NtGGPPS1 and NtPSY1 to regulate carotenoid biosynthesis in N. tabacum, in addition to the co-expression of genes in carotenoids biosynthetic pathways.

Dissociated modulations of intranasal vasopressin on prosocial learning between reward-seeking and punishment-avoidance.

BACKGROUND: As an integral ingredient of human sociality, prosocial behavior requires learning what acts can benefit or harm others. However, it remains unknown how individuals adjust prosocial learning to avoid punishment or to pursue reward. Given that arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a neuropeptide that has been involved in modulating various social behaviors in mammals, it could be a crucial neurochemical facilitator that supports prosocial learning. METHODS: In 50 placebo controls and 54 participants with AVP administration, we examined the modulation of AVP on the prosocial learning characterized by reward and punishment framework, as well as its underlying neurocomputational mechanisms combining computational modeling, event-related potentials and oscillations. RESULTS: We found a self-bias that individuals learn to avoid punishment asymmetrically more severely than reward-seeking. Importantly, AVP increased behavioral performances and learning rates when making decisions to avoid losses for others and to obtain gains for self. These behavioral effects were underpinned by larger responses of stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN) to anticipation, as well as higher punishment-related feedback-related negativity (FRN) for prosocial learning and reward-related P300 for proself benefits, while FRN and P300 neural processes were integrated into theta (4-7 Hz) oscillation at the outcome evaluation stage. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that AVP context-dependently up-regulates altruism for concerning others' losses and reward-seeking for self-oriented benefits. Our findings provide insight into the selectively modulatory roles of AVP in prosocial behaviors depending on learning contexts between proself reward-seeking and prosocial punishment-avoidance.

Astragaloside IV Alleviates Atorvastatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity via AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway.

INTRODUCTION: Atorvastatin (ATO) is often used to reduce blood lipids and prevent atherosclerosis, but excessive use of ATO will lead to hepatotoxicity. This paper investigated the effects of astragaloside IV (AS IV), which has multiple biological functions, on ATO-induced hepatotoxicity and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: ATO treatment induced a rat model of hepatotoxicity, followed by AS IV treatment. Colorimetric kits were used to detect rat liver function indexes including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined by 2', 7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate kit. The liver fibrosis and F4/80 expression were detected by Sirius red staining and immunochemistry. Mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I and complex IV activities were examined. The level of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 staining. The inflammatory factor levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot detected apoptosis-related proteins and AMPK/SIRT1-related proteins. RESULTS: ATO increased ALT, AST, MDA, and ROS levels and decreased GSH content but was subsequently reversed by AS IV. AS IV alleviated liver tissue damage caused by ATO. AS IV elevated complex I and complex IV activity and promoted MMP levels in ATO rats. ATO promoted inflammatory factor release in SD rats but was then suppressed by AS IV. AS IV inhibited Bax, cleaved caspase-3 but up-regulated Bcl-2 in ATO-induced rats. ATO inhibited SIRT1 expression and AMPK phosphorylation, which was subsequently promoted by AS IV. CONCLUSION: AS IV inhibits ATO-induced hepatotoxicity by activating the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.

JMJD1C Regulates Megakaryopoiesis in In Vitro Models through the Actin Network.

The histone demethylase JMJD1C is associated with human platelet counts. The JMJD1C knockout in zebrafish and mice leads to the ablation of megakaryocyte-erythroid lineage anemia. However, the specific expression, function, and mechanism of JMJD1C in megakaryopoiesis remain unknown. Here, we used cell line models, cord blood cells, and thrombocytopenia samples, to detect the JMJD1C expression. ShRNA of JMJD1C and a specific peptide agonist of JMJD1C, SAH-JZ3, were used to explore the JMJD1C function in the cell line models. The actin ratio in megakaryopoiesis for the JMJDC modulation was also measured. Mass spectrometry was used to identify the JMJD1C-interacting proteins. We first show the JMJD1C expression difference in the PMA-induced cell line models, the thrombopoietin (TPO)-induced megakaryocyte differentiation of the cord blood cells, and also the thrombocytopenia patients, compared to the normal controls. The ShRNA of JMJD1C and SAH-JZ3 showed different effects, which were consistent with the expression of JMJD1C in the cell line models. The effort to find the underlying mechanism of JMJD1C in megakaryopoiesis, led to the discovery that SAH-JZ3 decreases F-actin in K562 cells and increases F-actin in MEG-01 cells. We further performed mass spectrometry to identify the potential JMJD1C-interacting proteins and found that the important Ran GTPase interacts with JMJD1C. To sum up, JMJD1C probably regulates megakaryopoiesis by influencing the actin network.

Unpacking the interaction between foreign language learners' emotion, cognition, and activity in the flipped classroom in higher education: A perezhivanie perspective.

Few studies have investigated learners' emotional experiences and the interactions between emotion, cognition, and activity in the flipped foreign language classroom (i.e., a mixed teaching mode that combines in-class teaching and off-class self-directed learning). This study, from the perspective of perezhivanie (a concept from sociocultural theory), addressed these research gaps by exercising a longitudinal narrative study on a total of 32 Chinese-as-the-first-language university students of English who attended a 15-week English course with this teaching design. Among them, eight focal students were randomly selected for further evidence of the characteristics of the interactions between emotion, cognition, and activity. The results showed that the participants experienced more of positive emotions than negative emotions in the flipped classroom (FC) context, which supports the efficacy of the pedagogy. But most importantly, complex interactions between emotion, cognition, and activity were revealed. Generally, (negative) positive emotion, cognition, and activity were interconnected; however, what is also evident is that learners' emotions either promoted or inhibited their cognitive functions, and positive and negative emotions did not necessarily correspond to positive and negative activities, respectively. This is due to the presence of dynamic, developmental, and historical sociocultural mediators in learners perezhivanija, be it teacher, peers, technology, teaching materials, teaching activities in an FC, or the learners' previous English learning anecdotes, etc.

Clinicopathological and CT features of tumor spread through air space in invasive lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) has recently been reported as a novel invasive pattern in lung adenocarcinoma. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological and radiological features in invasive lung adenocarcinoma with tumor STAS. Methods: Data of 503 invasive lung adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgery between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2021 were collected. The correlations between STAS presence and clinicopathological and radiological characteristics were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. Results: Among the 503 patients with invasive adenocarcinoma, 247 (47.9%) and 262 (52.1%) patients were positive and negative for STAS, respectively. Compared to STAS-negative adenocarcinoma, STAS was more common in papillary, micropapillary, and solid tumors (p < 0.01); STAS was associated with advanced pT (p = 0.024), pN (p < 0.001), and pTNM (p < 0.001) stage, more lymph node metastases (p < 0.01), more pleural invasion (p < 0.01), and more neurovascular invasion (p = 0.025). The maximum diameter (p < 0.01), the maximum diameters of the solid component (p < 0.01), and the consolidation/tumor ratio (CTR, p < 0.01) were significantly larger in STAS-positive than in STAS-negative adenocarcinoma. Other common computed tomography (CT) features of adenocarcinomas, i.e., lobulation (p < 0.01), spiculation (p < 0.01), vacuole (p < 0.01), air bronchogram (p = 0.020), vascular convergence (p < 0.01), and pleural indentation (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with STAS. In a multivariable analysis, the maximal diameter of the solid component (odds ratio [OR], 2.505; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.886-3.329), vacuole (OR, 3.301; 95% CI, 1.822-5.980), and spiculation (OR, 2.162; 95% CI, 1.221-3.829) were independent predictors of STAS. The area under the curve (AUC) of the maximal diameter of the solid component was 0.757 (95% CI, 0.714-0.799; p < 0.001), the sensitivity was 73.9%, and the specificity was 69.1% at a cutoff value of 1.18 cm. Conclusion: STAS was significantly correlated with several invasive clinicopathological and radiological characteristics, and the maximal diameter was an independent predictor of STAS. These results will prove helpful in identifying STAS-positive adenocarcinoma by CT before surgical resection.

In Vivo Effect of Resveratrol-Cellulose Aerogel Drug Delivery System to Relieve Inflammation on Sports Osteoarthritis.

Resveratrol (Res) is a plant extract with strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-aging biological activities. However, Res is limited by its disadvantages, such as poor solubility, rapid metabolism and low bioavailability. In this study, the Resveratrol-loaded TEMPO-oxidized cellulose aerogel (RLTA) drug delivery system was prepared by the method of "dissolution-freeze-drying" and characterized by a series of analysis. Then the blood biochemical indexes and HE staining were measured and analyzed in animal experiments. The in vivo results showed that RLTA can decrease the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 inflammatory factors in the synovial fluid. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism was investigated through the analysis of silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (Sirt1) protein expression, which suggested that RLTA could upregulate the expression of Sirt1 and mediate the P38 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and MMP13 which can suppress the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory factor. These results reveal that cellulose aerogel is a promising candidate for drug delivery and RLTA has great potential application for the treatment of sports osteoarthritis.

Unpacking language teacher beliefs, agency, and resilience in the complex, unprecedented time: A mixed-method study.

We conducted this mixed-method study by focusing on the influx relationship among teacher beliefs, agency, and resilience during the pandemic and exploring the relationships and tensions among these constructs or capacities. Specifically, we surveyed 93 language teachers across seven different regions in China and collected their perceptions and beliefs about challenges and solutions during the first wave of the pandemic. In a further step, we interviewed six participants, analyzed the transcripts of the interviews, and then explored how their agency and resilience emerged and developed during the pandemic. From the quantitative statistics, we reported teacher beliefs about emotional, physical, mentoring, and support challenges in emergency remote teaching and their adopted strategies to handle these challenges during the pandemic. We also reported significant correlations among different perceived challenges and solutions. From the qualitative analysis, we found that language teacher beliefs, agency, and resilience co-evolved from intrapersonal and interpersonal reflections through temporal and contextual affordances. Drawing from the sociocultural theory, we contributed a theoretical framework for studying language teacher beliefs, agency, and resilience. We discussed our findings around the global traits that language teachers are required to develop in the increasingly complex world and also offered implications for language teacher education programs.

LncRNA LINC01857 reduces metastasis and angiogenesis in breast cancer cells via regulating miR-2052/CENPQ axis.

Long non-coding RNAs have been confirmed closely related to the metastasis and angiogenesis of breast cancer (BC). LINC01857 can promote the growth and metastasis of BC cells. The present work focused on exploring the role of LINC01857 in BC metastasis and angiogenesis and investigating the possible mechanisms. The results showed that LINC01857 and CENPQ were highly expressed in BC tissues and cells, while miR-2052 was contrarily expressed. In vitro study showed that low expression of linc01857 could inhibit the migration ability and vascularization of BC cells, and mir-2052 inhibitor partially restored the effect of si-LINC01857 on the migration ability and vascularization of BC cells. Likewise, inhibition of CENPQ can partially rescue the effects of miR-2052 inhibitor on the migration ability and vascularization of BC cells. In vivo studies showed that down-regulation of LINC01857 notably suppressed tumor growth and angiogenesis in nude mice. The miR-2052 inhibitor partially restored the effects of si-LINC01857. CENPQ suppression partially rescued the effects of the miR-2052 inhibitor. To conclude, LINC01857/miR-2052/CENPQ is the potential novel target for BC treatment.